Silk-loom for weaving- narrow goods



ENEA

CORNELIUS BERGEN, OE BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

SILK-LOOM FOR WEAVING NARROW GOODS.

Specicaton of Letters Patent No. 1,432, dated December 18, 1839.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CORNELIUS BERGEN, of the city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Common Silk-Loom; and I do hereby declare that the description following is a full and exact description.

The following is a description of improvements attached to the common silk loom. The only alteration which is made is the addition of four pieces to the common frame. Two, A A, Figure 1, extend from the footstep to the back rail of the loom about the distance of eighteen inches from each end and the others B B one at each end of the loom, in a vertical position secured to the lower and middle rails of the frame. To these pieces two square bars or shafts C C are secured on journals, extending from one to the other the whole length of the loom. The upper bar or shaft is provided with two cranks D I) to which the batten is secured by two fiat bars E E passing through and secured to the swords or arms F F of the batten by a pivot. These are sometimes extended to the front of the loom, where a lround piece Gr is secured to them on pivots to work or operate the loom. To one end of this shaft andoutside of the frame a small cog wheel H is firmly secured. This locks or gears into another cog wheel I, firmly secured to the lower shaft or axle of precisely four times the dimensions of the first. To the shaft or axle of this wheel cams J are secured to open and cross the warps by moving treadles K which are tied to the harness. Two other cams L L are also secured to the same shaft at a suitable or convenient distance from the ends thereof these cams are each formed with two proj ections 1, 1, precisely alike on the same diameter and the same distance from the center, but they are placed on different squares of the shaft. Each of the end pieces B B before described has an iron rod or shaft M M secured to a projection on it by a pivot. These` rods are precisely of the same length and extend toward the center on a parallel line with the shaft or axle C C, and are supported in their horizontal position by the two additional pieces A A aforesaid. These rods have each a wire secured to them near the end, and extend from them nearly at right angles above and below the axle to the rear of the loom and is there fastened to a spiral spring N in such a manner that` when the projection 1, 1, on thefcams L L in their orbit arrives at the aforesaid rods M M the spring N N beforenamed immediately pulls the rods M M to the lowest part of the cam, the opposite end of the springs being secured to the back rail O of the loom. To the end of the aforesaid rods M M another rod P is attached by a joint or pivot, which extends from it at right angles toward-the front of the loom, where itis joined by a pivot to one arm of a triangle, Q. The angular point 1 of the triangle is secured by a pivot to the additional piece A, extending from the foot-step to the b-ack yrail O. To the other arm of the triangle another rod R is secured by a joint or pivot and extends to the end of the loom on nearlyV a parallel line with the first named rod M to an upright piece S secured by a pivot to the lower end rail of the frame or sometimes to the fioor, see R J Fig. 3. This piece or driver S extends up as high as the end of the batten, where it has a thin fiat piece T secured to it, and which enters thegrooves of the shuttle driver in the batten U. Thus it becomes manifest that when the wheels are put in motion the cams L L revolve and force out the springs N by their projection 1 which arriving in their orbit at the aforesaid rods' M they are immediately pulled up by said springs to the lowest part of said cams at 1 and communicate the same motion by means of the triangles Q, to the upright piece or drivers S and by that tothe shuttle driver and shuttle. When this operation is performed at one end of the loom the driver at the other end is moved back so as not to interfere, and to be ready to perform the same operation in its turn. The shuttles are probably more effectually moved by the use of one spring instead of two N attached by its extremities to the upright drivers S S as E Fig. 3. It is sometimes preferred to operate the looms lby attaching the arms or swords F by pivots to the top of the loom, by merely securing a cross piece to the drivers S S,-so`as to operate against theY end of the shuttle driver as at Y Y Fig. 3 which is extended beyond the frame of the batten at both extremities for that purpose. When this mode is used itV is necessary to extend two pieces Z down from the batten to the arms or bars A12 that secures the batten to the cranks D12, see Fig. 3. Y

The apparatus for throwing the shuttles ilo performs thesame or has the same effect on them as when they are thrown by muscularV power, but with more precision and regu` vmaybe termed adouble hatten first byv conf necting two rails by means of the swords or arms AA,'Fig. 4, similarto the common batten, andVnsteadof planks (as the ,com-1 mon hatten) rmlyfsecured to them they are each provided with a rooveV B to admit the upper and lower rails of a driver,*F1g. 5,

which may be termedV the maindriver. ThisV driver has not any 'connecting teeth astheV common driver, but the rails A Aare connected at the ends by pieces B B-eXtending out from th-e rails about two inches.The one to the left has a projection VC to it of about three inches wide extendingv to the right, about an equal distance between the two rails being the same length thatthe driver is required to move in order to throw the shuttles, the rails of the vhatten being cut down at their eXtremities'C, Fig.` 4, to permit these connecting pieces B, Fig. 5, to move the required distance. These `rails of the batten are also connectedVv in three different places D, one near each end and the other in the'middle. In each ofl these a small pin or bolt 1 isplaced extending out to the front .aboutone inch, these rails are also provided with cavities I-I in which theslays or reeds are placed for the warps to pass through. To these rails or hatten the planks A, Fig. 2, are secured by means of two ob#` long irons or clasps B Fig. 2 firmly secured to the rear of the planks, extending above and below the rails C C, to permit an up and downmotion. The planks A are constructed as follows. To athin board D Fig. 2 of suitable dimensions four ribs 1 are firmly secured, projecting out far enough to permit flanges or planks Ato be secured to them to receive the shuttles Fl and to permit "the driverrail Fig. 7 ofthe upperirow` of shuttlesto move up and down behindthem, the

.. upper middle ribF is connected at the ends of the divisions G only, therebyV permitting the driver teeth Ito pass through them down to the middle row of'shuttles,.the two' outside or upper and lower ribs '1 haveeach one ange the one extendingfup'and the other down." Between these and their board D in the rear to "which they are attachedltwo nearly to thev rib next 'above it.

to the middle row of shuttles.

drivers are placed and maybe termed the shuttle drivers,.the lower one, Fig. 6, being provided with teeth I, which extend up The upper shuttle 'driver Fig. 7 isV likewise provided with teeth 2, but they are long enough to pass through the upper middle rib F down l These teeth are so constructed as to project out from the front of the driver `rail A, Fig. 7 so as to come in contactwith the rear of thev shuttles and allow `the rail to ,A pass behind them. Theztwo middle rows 'offlanges or planks A, Fig. 2, and vpart of the upper and lower one, together with the two` middle ribs 1, 1, andthe board D, to which they are attached, are all cut through, so as to formV openings or spaces GrA for the warps to pass through of thewidth that the ribs are required. These openings are precisely opposite to the cavities H, Fig. 4, of the batten. The pins or small bolts 1, Fig. 4, in the hatten before described, pass through grooves or openings J,

Fig.V 2, cut in the board D the distance that it movesu'p and'down'on these pins the upper driver K, Fi'g. 2rests so that when the upper row of shuttles E are required to move through the warpe, the driver K is` carried up by these pins or bolts behind the upper row of shutters, in which situation when put in motion the teeth I comein contact with themonly,the end L of said driver being .when in that situationplaced oppo` site to the'projection M, onv the main driver to the left. When the middlerow of shut- `tles are movedthe planks are raised up so as to place them opposite to the center of the warps, when the pins orbolts aforesaid allow the uppershuttledriver K to `drop down -to the upper middle rib 1, the driver rail K passingV behind the upper row of shuttles and the teeth I extending pastthe ,ends ofthe middle row of shuttles rea-dy to move them, V'the end Lof said driver being still opposite to the aforesaid projection M of the main driver.V` 'Io move the lower Vrow of shuttles the planks or `pulleys A` are raisedup still higher so as to place them opposite to vthe warps.` The upper shuttle driver'K is then placedabove theV aforesaid projection M 1of the main driver, and the end N of the lower shuttle driver, Fig. 6,'opposite to it. Thus when the main driver M is moved `by hand or any other means it moves `120 the shuttle driver thatmayrbe opposite to it,

Vto the right, the other` end bemg thereby` placed against the right hand connection O of the main driver, Fig. 5, before described, and is moved back by`it,where`as the driver which is no-t opposite to said projection remains stationary, and consequently the shuttles with which. it communicates also remains stationary. T husanyrow of shuttles are moved for any `length of time that the :operator may require, `and for `the greater iso convenience to effect this, the main driver has a handle P securedto it near the center of the batten by which the impulse is `communicated.

The movement up and down is effected as follows: To the rear of the planks or the board D, Figs. 2 and 3, opposite to the swords or arms of thc batten two thin Vbars of iron Q Q are firmly secured and extend up as high as the axle R above, where they are secured by pivots to two leversl S. These levers are secured at their centers by pivots 1 to the axle R, and to their opposite ends a crooked piece T is also secured by pivots, which extend downward at the end of the loom, where it is also secured by a pivot to anotherl lever U, which is also secured by a pivot 2 at its center to the breast piece V. At the other end of this lever near the center of the loom an upright piece 1V is secured to the breast piece and foot step or bottom rail of the loom. This piece is provided with three notches or rests' X corresponding to the distance that the shuttles require tobe raised or lowered. Thus it becomes manifest that when the lever U is placed o-n the upper notch its opposite end is moved down which draws down by the crooked piece T aforesaid the levers S above. They operating on their centers 1 consequently moves up the planks and shuttles together with the shuttle drivers ,K N. The reverse operation takes place when the lever U is placed on either of the lower notches X. The movement up and down must never be effected only at such times when the shuttles have been thrown to the left. The power before described for making plain goods can be applied to this machine.

The third improvement is for making galoons and curtain trimmings, or plaid ribbons of two colors as may be required by the manufacturer. To accomplish this the whole batten is formed almost precisely the same as the one for three tier of shuttles. 1t is also provided with two shuttle drivers nearly the same as the lower shuttle driver, Fig. 6, before described. The main driver, Fig. 5, is also the same as the other with the exception of being somewhat longer and having a hook or notch D on the under part of the projection C. The lower shuttle driver, Fig. 6, has also a corresponding hook or notch A. To make curtain trimmings it is necessary to use two different kinds of shoots. This process is termed shoot and shoot about, that is one kind of shoot is thrown through the warps at one opening and the other follows it at the next opening and so on alternately, consequently the movable planks A, Fig. 3, has to be raised and lowered at everyvibration of the hatten. This is accomplished by hand or by power. When it is worked by power, nearly the same apparatus is made use of to throw the shuttles, as has been described for the first improvement, Fig. 1. A description thereof is consequently unnecessary, further than will be required to explain the difference. The cams B, Fig. 3, are also formed with two projections C these projections areon the quarters of the circle insteadof being on the diameter, the one being as much nearer to the center than the other as the `drop is required to produce the throw, thus when the-notch C1 on the cam in its orbit arrives at the rod D which throws the shuttles it is drawn in by the spring E and suddenly moves the main driver F which shoves up the lower shuttle driver G to its destination. Then directly after the warps are crossed the shuttles are quickly lowered, when the second projection C2 of the same cam B arrives at the rod D (the lower driver G being then below the projection H on the main driver) which then allows the apparatus to drive home the upper shuttle driver I and thus the upper row of shuttles to their destination, the cam at the other end having in the meantime forced back the upright driver J, to allow room for the other arm of the main driver, and tobe ready to drive back the shuttles by the same process. It then is evident that when the upper row of shuttles is thrown the projection H on the main driver is shoved entirely up to the planks A which contain the shuttles K. Then by raising up the movable planks the notch or hook 1 at the left end of the lower shuttle driver G is placed or caught behind the hook or notch 2 of the main driver F which being forced back by the apparatus at the other end draws the lower shuttle driver G with it and moves the lower shuttles back. When the planks A are again dropped, the lower shuttle driver G is unhooked from the mainy driver F which is then permitted by the apparatus as before described to shove over the upper shuttle driver 1 by the connecting piece L at the right hand end of the main driver, the upright driver R at the left end having been moved back by its cam for that purpose and to be ready to perform its duty over again, at the next evolution.

The raising and lowering of the planks and shuttles is performed by a cam M on the lower shaft operating on a treadle N below it. rThis cam is formed vWith tWO Circles, the one as much nearer to the center than the other as it is required to raise and lower j the shuttles. It consequently has four notches 1 2 3 4 which are placed at each quarter of thecircle. Then as the cam revolves and the notch 2 strikes the treadle pully O it is forced down to the outside or largest circle, which pulls down the crooked pieces P at the end of the loom. Then as the cam revolves until the notch 3 arrives at the treadle pulley O it immediately rises up to the smallest circleon the cam,4 andf the planks by their own weight with the assistance of a spring Q is quickly dropped down. Then again as the notch?) in itsorbit arrives at the'treadle kpulley VO it'is again forced to the `other highest part of the cam and so on, the treadle N being `secured"to two other treadles S whichyform a triangle under the loom, theone extremity of each being secured to the back postbftheframe at T and the other extremities to-acrookedV piece P at each end of the loom,-which are secured by pivotsto two levers, U above which are secured at their centers by pivots 1 2 to the axle V ofthe battenythe raising and lowering motion being communicated similar to whatwas described in the'Qd im`-4 provement, Fig. 2. Y l

When the machine is Vused for making, two colored plaid ribbons it will be necessary to substitute the cams L, Figl, for throwing the shuttles as described in the first improvement for these and toV `add a small strip (dotted lines; l Fig. 5,) to the upper side of the projection H of the main driver F so as to allow the end of the upper shuttle driver I to be shoved by the end thereof when working Thelrails ofboth'the shuttle drivers have knobs or stops W X attached tothem so as to prevent them from moving any farther than the required distance by striking purpose of driving thegshuttles as herein de-v Ain combination therewith the manner of throwing the "shuttles lby means of three' 1' drivers, one actingy as the main driver by the action of which the othe `two are driven as herein described; f

\ 3Q-The arrangement of levers, springs and camsfor raising and lowering the shuttles in combination with the hatten, the `cams to be dispensed with when working by handA all as herein described. Y-

CORN. BERGEN.

Y Witnesses: l ALBEN SPooNER, ALEX. BIRKBAOK. 

